Dream House Free Essays

Dream House As I draw nearer and closer to the island the house that I have consistently imagined about anticipates me. I can see it from a mile away. Everybody has that house that they ,have consistently envisioned about. We will compose a custom paper test on Dream House or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now It is huge to such an extent, that it is the most perceptible development on the island. My own private plane terrains on the runway situated close to the house. When I get off the plane, I at that point start my journey down the way that prompts my fantasy house. I am on edge to get to the house that I will spend an incredible remainder in. Everything that encompasses me is just astounding including all the trees and plants. It feels so great to be at a serene spot and everything you can hear are the feathered creatures peeping, smell the salt ocean air. A pleasant tropical breeze on your skin, and warm white sand on my feet. As I move closer to the stopping point, my fantasy begins to show up. After so long, I would now be able to see my habitation very close. Nothing would ever measure up to seeing my home. Nothing could have contrasted with the second I was encountering. What is better than taking a gander at something you planned? My home is a five-story dream that lies on a twenty-section of land part. As I draw close to the passageway of the house, four sections that lead to the most rich entryways on the planet at that point encompass me. The entryways were made of mahogany with glass recolored windows in the focal point of the every entryway. Each handle was made of metal alongside metal edges. As I keep on strolling around my home, I go over five windows that appear to neglect the house’s entrance. On every window, there are dark screens. The patio at that point proceeds to the posterior of the house, as I am ready to investigate the sea. At the point when I look down at the sea, I can see that there are two docks that project out in the sea. The dividers of the house are made of a decent material to maintain a strategic distance from harm from any climate. The outside of my home has a stunning perspective and I can just envision what the rest resembles. Within my home, I am ready to remain in the lounge room and look into each of the five accounts of the house. A lift is to one side of the front room that can go to every account of the house. Each floor has two restrooms (one full and one-half) with a few rooms. At the point when I stroll in the kitchen, it is anything but difficult to see that any cook would adore this kitchen. It has tempered steel apparatuses all sparkling and shining. Simply sitting tight for me use. As I check out I see each kitchen device or contraption that one would ever think to utilize. It has an espresso producer in the divider that will blend new espresso throughout the day. A barbecue that will be utilized to flame broil shrimp. I am remaining in this kitchen simply thinking about all the things I need to plan. The best piece of the kitchen is the counter in the center that is a self-cleaning ledge for cutting and cleaning nourishments. I at that point stroll to the back yard. Encompassing me is an open air desert garden. I stroll toward the street the primary thing; I go over a full size b-ball court. As I look to one side of the b-ball court, I see a tennis court. The best part about my lawn is the bar that is in the middle of the b-ball court and tennis court. As I, approach the contrary side of the yard there is in ground pool. The incredible thing about the pool is that it is associated with a pool that is inside the house. I put my toe in and understand that it is warmed. I can swim day or night. Toward the east of the house, there is a white gazebo. While you are sitting in the gazebo, you can see any person or thing that goes into or goes out. All that I at any point envisioned was at my home. I arranged this out to have every one of my needs and that's just the beginning. As my plane begins to leave to return home, I am ready to take one final long gander at the house that I had aced. What I had encountered was my fantasy home. I could just ponder internally, â€Å"This is my fantasy house and nobody else’s, my fantasy house. † The most effective method to refer to Dream House, Essay models

Wound Healing free essay sample

Phases of Healing How Do Wounds Heal? Research take a shot at intense injuries in a creature model shows that injuries recuperate in four stages. It is accepted that ceaseless injuries should likewise experience a similar essential stages. A few creators join the initial two stages. The periods of wound recuperating are: * Hemostasis * Inflammation * Proliferation or Granulation * Remodeling or Maturation Hemostasis: Once the wellspring of harm to a house has been expelled and before work can begin, utility laborers must come in and top harmed gas or water lines. So too in wound recuperating harmed veins must be fixed. In wound mending the platelet is the cell which goes about as the utility specialist close the harmed veins. The veins themselves choke in light of injury yet this fit eventually unwinds. The platelets emit vasoconstrictive substances to help in this procedure yet their prime job is to frame a steady coagulation fixing the harmed vessel. We will compose a custom exposition test on Wound Healing or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Affected by ADP (adenosine diphosphate) spilling from harmed tissues the platelets total and hold fast to the uncovered collagen. They likewise emit factors which connect with and invigorate the characteristic coagulating course through the creation of thrombin, which thusly starts the development of fibrin from fibrinogen. The fibrin work fortifies the platelet total into a stable hemostatic fitting. At long last platelets likewise emit cytokines, for example, platelet-inferred development factor (PDGF), which is perceived as one of the primary variables emitted in starting ensuing advances. Hemostasis happens close to the underlying injury except if there are hidden thickening issue. Irritation Phase: Clinically aggravation, the second phase of wound mending presents as erythema, growing and warmth regularly connected with torment, the great â€Å"rubor et tumor cum calore et dolore†. This stage as a rule endures as long as 4 days post injury. In the injury recuperating similarity the principal occupation to be done once the utilities are topped is to tidy up the flotsam and jetsam. This is an occupation for non-talented workers. These non-talented workers in an injury are the neutrophils or PMN’s (polymorphonucleocytes). The provocative reaction makes the veins become broken discharging plasma and PMN’s into the encompassing tissue. The neutrophils phagocytize trash and microorganisms and give the main line of resistance against contamination. They are supported by neighborhood pole cells. As fibrin is separated as a feature of this tidy up the debasement items draw in the following cell included. The undertaking of modifying a house is mind boggling and expects somebody to coordinate this movement or a contractual worker. The cell which goes about as â€Å"contractor† in wound mending is the macrophage. Macrophages can phagocytize microscopic organisms and give a second line of resistance. They additionally emit an assortment of chemotactic and development factors, for example, fibroblast development factor (FGF), epidermal development factor (EGF), changing development factor beta (TGF-__ and interleukin-1 (IL-1) which seems to coordinate the following stage. Proliferative Phase ( Proliferation, Granulation and Contraction): The granulation stage begins around four days subsequent to injuring and as a rule goes on until day 21 in intense injuries relying upon the size of the injury. It is described clinically by the nearness of pebbled red tissue in the injury base and includes substitution of dermal tissues and now and again subdermal tissues in more profound injuries just as compression of the injury. In the injury mending similarity once the site has been freed from flotsam and jetsam, under the heading of the temporary worker, the composers move in to assemble the structure of the new house. Sub-contractual workers would now be able to put in new pipes and wiring on the structure and siders and roofers can complete the outside of the house. The â€Å"framer† cells are the fibroblasts which discharge the collagen structure on which further dermal recovery happens. Particular fibroblasts are answerable for wound compression. The â€Å"plumber† cells are the pericytes which recover the external layers of vessels and the endothelial cells which produce the covering. This procedure is called angiogenesis. The â€Å"roofer† and â€Å"sider† cells are the keratinocytes which are liable for epithelialization. In the last phase of epithelializtion, contracture happens as the keratinocytes separate to frame the defensive external layer r layer corneum. Redesigning or Maturation Phase: Once the fundamental structure of the house is finished inside completing may start. So too in wound fix the mending procedure includes rebuilding the dermal tissues to create more prominent elasticity. The rule cell engaged with this procedure is the fibroblast. Renovating can take as long as 2 years subsequent to injuri ng and clarifies why clearly recuperated wounds can separate so significantly and rapidly if consideration isn't paid to the underlying causative variables.

The Poetry Ive Purchased Since November

The Poetry I’ve Purchased Since November Every bookstore and library I enter, poetry stands, a fraction of the other sections. At the library with tall ceilings, not even a bookcase. At my local bookstore, half of a row. At Barnes Noble, a hard-to-find three shelves. If there’s not a prize on it, good luck. Is poetry the middle child of the genres? That hurts my heart because poetry, after the Pacific, was my first love. At sixteen, I waded into the genre, writing crappy poems in my rose-decorated bedroom. I welcome everyone to laugh with/at me: mistaking my angst for lyricism. (So right about everything, I miss that certainty. Can I have just a dash of teenager, please?) In honor of Pride Month, I returned to Adrienne Rich’s “Poetry and Commitment.” When she received the National Book Foundation Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters in 2006, the acceptance speech she delivered was a truncated version of the essay. In it, she observes, “transfusions of poetic language can and do quite literally keep bodies and souls togetherâ€"and more.” How true. One of my greatest consolations, especially after November, have been poems: writing them, reading them, sharing them, bringing them home. Call it one of my actions. Here are the poetry collections I’ve bought since November. Cannibal by Safiya Sinclair Not a wasted word, her debut collection shines. I read it slowly to savor it, not wanting it to end. From “Mermaid” (an eternal obsession of mine):  â€œThat mint tea whistling in the Dutch pot is stronger than liquor, and takes six spoons of sugar, pleaseâ€"what can I say, my great-grandfather’s blood was clotted thick with sugar cane and overproof rum; when he bled it trickled heavy like molasses, clotted black like phlegm in the throat.” Milk and Honey by Rupi Kaur   I keep a poem of Kaur’s on my desktop to remind me of innocence. Every time I read it, I feel a heavy part of me flutter away. I wish young-me owned this book. I have liked and shared and snapped screenshots of so many of the  Instapoet’s  posts I wanted to monetize my fandom. Whereas by Layli Long Soldier The word whereas has interested me for a decadeâ€"maybe longerâ€"who it includes, who it excludes, what it adds, what it steals. I first learned of Long Soldier  in a tweet, Joy Harjo’s. The Big Book of Exit Strategies by Jamaal May Evidence of good writers leading you to good writers, I first heard May read “As the Saying Goes” while listening to an AWP podcast episode featuring the poetess above. It was night. Washing dishes, I dried my hands twice to rewind. Olio by Tyehimba Jess A fan of Wave Books (who published one of my favorites, Bluets by Maggie Nelson), I first encountered  Olio and Jess on Between the Covers with David Naimon. I had to experience those perforated fold-out pages, the amazing Pulitzer-winning project. You Don’t Have to Say You Love Me by Sherman Alexie I’ve been singing his praises and buying (and receiving) his books during their publication week since War Dances. This memoir includesâ€"yesâ€"poems. Because of the vulnerable state of things, I strive to be a mindful consumer, supporting my passions.  For words and those who pen them, I drive my beloved teenage car to bookstores, especially indies, to shop because seeing my personal landmarks (Schuler Books Music on Alpine, Waldenbooks in the Lahaina Cannery Mall, and all of the Borders) close crushed me. As horrible news inundates us again and again, I run to poetry, love, which soothe like balm again and again. It feels right to end with Rich’s words: “when poetry lays its hand on our shoulder, . . . we are, to almost a physical degree, touched and moved.”

The Internet and Schools Does the Internet Help or Hurt...

The controversy existing over the education budget cuts were enough to get the parents attention, but unfortunately not those in control of government spending. The rumors threaten cuts from services such as library access, art education, field trips, and new technology. Of the many crucial decisions those in charge have made, this will undoubtedly be the eye opener. On the other hand, the elimination of one of several efficient resources is imminent. Although all choices are valuable, it is with due consideration to the young minds being affected that technology be the resource to cast out from the budget. The use and privilege of the internet is quickly becoming an unnecessary product of faulty prioritizing and should therefore be†¦show more content†¦The affordable convenience advertized in commercials encouraging the investment of a brand name laptop is now just a costly myth. Advocating the prohibition of computers in schools would be a prodigious feat in itself, but ex cluding them from the estimated yearly education expenses entirely would allow funding for textbooks and library-bound novels. It is a radical modification that most will be hesitant to accept, but has the potential to bring kids down to a speed less equivalent to that of the speed of light. Teachers would be free to teach basic concepts without possible distractions due to technological temptations. Students could surrender their childish grip on the blanket protecting them from direct acknowledgment of self-control and responsibility, drastically altering their ability to focus and exceed the worlds previous expectations of this generation. An education without access to the internet is a foreign and frighteningly unfamiliar concept, but it is the small price willing pupils will pay to slowly deteriorate the addiction to immediacy that can only compare to what acclaimed novelist Ray Bradbury saw as the gradual slip ofShow MoreRelatedDifferent types of Bullying Essay1550 Words    |  7 Pages More than 160,000 students miss school every day, due to fear of attack or intimidation by other students, in other words getting bullied. Many of these students prefer to not say a thing. Ever wondered what it feels like? Majority of people know this occurs everywhere but just ignore it; not only that, some victims like to stay quiet due to fear. Based on case studies and statistics, there’s evidence to suggest that bullying can cause negative effects socially, emotionally, and physiologicallyRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Technology In Education1256 Words   |  6 Pageseverything. Computers are relied on heavily in schools all over the world which could eventually be a problem. There are many flaws that the internet and schooling systems may never be able to ‘fix’. Many people take advantage of this luxury. Yet there is a large population of people who do not agree with the certain use of technology in schools. Although ideas with the internet are limitless, no t all luxuries in life are provided. Most things school related such as homework are a lot of the timesRead MorePublic Schools Should Be Able to Regulate Bullying Essay example1356 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, as technology advances, so does the method of bullying. Today in our world that is run by technology, the modern method of bullying is called cyber bullying. The most recent definition of this is, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦This type of bullying allows the perpetrator to hide behind a computer screen or a phone screen and harass their victims without the need to meet face to face. This causes a new problem to arise in our public schools. Traditional bullying taking place at school was easy to spot and see; thereforeRead MoreCyber Bullying Among Our Children1617 Words   |  7 Pagesaccidental, but when kids use the Internet and cell phones to purposely upset someone else over and over, thats cyberbullying. Advice kids to establish affinity for others. Talk to your kids and explain to them that the Internet is a community that only operates well when all of its citizens are respectful and responsible. Demonstrate to them to use communication tools responsibly and respectfully. Bullying that used to appear on the playground, where naturally a male student would pick on others who wereRead MoreSpeech On Twitter860 Words   |  4 Pagesthe conversation between friend A and B. Friend A â€Å"I need to go to basket ball practice in this heavy rain† Few minutes later, friend B tweet. Friend B â€Å"Are you idiot? Just for the basket ball practice?† Both of them started fighting not the internet which everyone can see those conversation. However, the most weird thing is an outsider started criticizing Friend B. Twitter can tweet anything I want, however it becomes bullying if a group criticized one person, not a quarrel. Nowadays, if peopleRead MoreAre Children Attaining The Knowledge Needed?1056 Words   |  5 Pages Today’s generations rely strongly on media and technology more so than past generations. Technology including: computers, tablets, and smart boards provide access to the internet and can connect people counties away. These forms of technology are now being incorporated into the learning experience at schools. The internet accessed through these forms of technology can provide a conduit to web sites, apps and programs meant to aid in the learning process. Books were once the dominant source ofRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Internet Addiction1134 Words   |  5 Pages The internet can change the life. Peoples lives are becoming more and more efficient, especially after the development of the Internet. Nowadays, internet addiction is beginning to spread among people, especially for people who do not have enough self-control and cognitive power. People tend to indulge on the internet, cut off the connection with the real society, and make the distance between people more and more far away. More terrible things are disorders will be born due to internet addictionRead MoreBullying Is Becoming An Increasing Problem Among Teens943 Words   |  4 Pages A bully is a person who intentionally hurts another individual physically and or emotionally. A bully finds pleasure in doing wrong to others. Bullying is an unwanted violent behavior that presents itself amongst school children and teens. Intimidators act mean and hateful towards others with no good reason other than liking the sense of authority and control over others. Hurting someone makes all bullies feel good about their actions. A bully does not see that his actions are not only hurtingRead MoreTechnology and Social Media in the 21st Century883 Words   |  3 Pagessay something that hurts ones feelings, but administrators at schools are impatient and are quick to label someone as a bully, or someone who hurts someone and causes long lasting pain to someone, because they believe the victim may be scarred when really the victim isn’t. My essential question is: are ant bullying strategies used by schools successful? No, schools are quick to punish and may end up possibly ruining a teens future by putting bullying on a teens transcript. Schools need to be more patientRead MoreDisadvantages Of Cyber Schools Ess ay1357 Words   |  6 PagesDisadvantages of Cyber Schools Cyber schooling does have the newest technology, but nothing is better than getting a public school education. One of the biggest disadvantages of cyber schooling is that cyber schooled students lack social skills. Cyber schoolers can have discussions with their teacher online, but other than that they are staring at a computer with no one else to learn with. While public schooled students are learn in a real classroom with other students in the same grade level, making

An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Debtors’ Management...

------------------------------------------------- AN evaluation of the effectiveness of debtors’ management systems: ------------------------------------------------- A CASE study of puzey and payne INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction This chapter briefly provides the background of the study on the effectiveness of debtors’ management systems at Puzey and Payne, Harare. In this chapter, the researcher rationalized the topic, clarified the objectives, research questions, significance of the study, delimitations and limitations of the study as well as the background leading to the study. 1.1 Background to the Study Puzey and Payne realizes its profits from cash and credit sales of motor†¦show more content†¦Therefore this study sought to address the poor management of debtors to transform the organisation back on track of market leadership through alignment of performance evaluation measurement and long term strategies. 1.4 Purpose of the Study The objectives of this study were: i. To establish if the debtor management systems in place are effective. ii. To find out if thorough assessment and strict selection are done before credit granting decisions. iii. To investigate if the company offers discounts to its customers and to find out how it punishes those customers who do not settle their debts on agreed terms. iv. To assess whether proper accounting procedures on debtors’ control accounts are being followed. v. To find out ways in which Puzey and Payne assesses credit worthiness of a customer. 1.3 Research Questions i. Are the debtors’ management systems in place effective? ii. Does the company practice thorough assessment and strict selection before credit granting decisions? iii. Does the company offer discounts to its customers and how does it punish those who do not settle their debts on agreed terms? iv. Are there proper accounting procedures on debtors’ control accounts being followed? v. How does Puzey and Payne assess credit worthiness of the customer? 1.5 Significance of the Study 1.5.1 To the Researcher: i. This project should enable the

Stylistic Analysis of the Poem “Meeting at Night” Free Essays

The Love Song of Hair Dyal Rudyard Kipling Alone upon the housetops to the North I turn and watch the lightnings in the sky– The glamour of thy footsteps in the North. Come back to me, Beloved, or I die. Below my feet the still bazar is laid– Far, far below the weary camels lie– The camels and the captives of thy raid. We will write a custom essay sample on Stylistic Analysis of the Poem â€Å"Meeting at Night† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Come back to me, Beloved, or I die! My father’s wife is old and harsh with years, And drudge of all my father’s house am I– My bread is sorrow and my drink is tears. Come back to me, Beloved, or I die! Stylistic Analysis of the Poem â€Å"Meeting at night† â€Å"Meeting at Night† Robert Browning The gray sea and the long black land; And the yellow half-moon large and row; And the startled little waves that leap In fiery ringlets from their sleep, As I gain the cove with pushing prow, And quench its speed I’ the slushy sand. Then a mile of warm sea-scented beach; Three fields to cross till a farm appears; A tap at the pane, the quick sharp scratch And blue spurt of a lighted match, And a voice less loud, thro’ its joys and fears, Than the two hearts beating each to each! ]  Ã‚  The Theme of the Poem This poem written by Robert Browning is a poem of love that describes clearly the man’s sailing on the sea to the bay on the beautiful night to go to the girl she loves and meets her at night. In here, it is said that the readers can feel the excitement and happiness of the couples on their meeting at night. It is very clear at the end of the poem that the woman is somehow nervous and afraid while waiting for the man she loves. But, upon hearing the man’s tap on the window pane, she is very happy and relieved to see him, which only shows how deep their love and missing is. ]  Ã‚  Linguistic Analysis of the Poem by  Liu Yueqin Liu Yueqin has presented five linguistic presentation of the poem. Here is the following linguistic analysis he had in this poem of Robert Browning: a. Phonological features 1. End rhyme The rhyme scheme is, in the first stanza – abccba, in the second -dedded. There are five end rhymes as follow: a. [  ? nd]  land, sand; b. [? ]row, prow; c. [I:p]leap, sleep; d, [I:t ]beach, scratch, match, each; e, [i? s]appears, fears 2. Alliteration long-land in line 1;the-that in line 3; fiery- from in line 4; pushing-prow in line 5; speed-slushy-sand in line 6; sea-scented in line 7; to-till and field-farm in line8; less-loud in line 11; than-the and two-to in line 12. 3. Repetition And the  repeats 3 times in the poem, and there are totally 8  and  in the poem. The rep etition shows that the man is making long-time effort step by step to meet the woman, his lover. However, the effort is worthy since the man loves the woman and expects fiercely to see her, no matter it’s at night or at day. The refrain occurs at the close of a stanza, where it helps to establish meter, influence the mood of love, and add emphasis. With the usage of end rhyme, alliteration and repetition, the poem creates aesthetic pleasure and shows the feeling of the couple. b. Graphical features The description of the scene on the sea and on the bay and about the meeting is vivid, elaborate and attracting. Through the different angles of vision (the gray sea,  the long black land, the yellow half-moon, etc. ), auditognosis (two hearts beating, etc), olfaction (scented), the readers can just feel like being in the situation, and appreciating the charming of meeting at night. c. Lexical features The poem is relatively brief; consist of simple specific concrete words, mainly adjectives and nouns, just like casual and gentle narration between lovers or dramatic monologue. There are 4 adjective words about color; they are  gray, black, yellow and blue, to make the scene at night vivid to the readers. The readers can clearly know that the meeting is at night. The beautiful scene symbolizes the wonderful mood of the couple. In line 6, words of  speed, slushy, sand  have alliteration [s] for imitate the sound of the prow decreasing its speed and gently scrapping in the bay. d. Syntactic features All the sentences in the poem are statement just like dramatic monologue, what the author is very famous with. Many short sentences are linked into long sentences with devices of coordination with the usage of  and. There are totally 5 lines beginning with  and. Coordination gives clauses equal syntactic status, and establish peaceful mood. It seems that the man has met the woman at night many times, and gets very familiar with the process. e. Semantic features In first stanza, the author uses  startled  and  fiery  instead of  surprising  and  hot. The personification gives human form or feelings to the waves and ringlets, inanimate objects to show that the man’s feeling is startled and fiery. In second stanza,  tap, scratch  and  spurt  are gentler, lovelier, and shorter in time thanknock, scrape, and spring. These words can vividly to describe the feeling of the couple. The man arrives at just outside of the house, and taps the glass with the love in his heart. When he is waiting for the appearance of the woman, he is very nervous and upset. The woman is also nervous and upset. After hearing the tap, she lights a match to lights the place and feels happy and fears to meet her lover. How to cite Stylistic Analysis of the Poem â€Å"Meeting at Night†, Papers

Types Of People Essays - Adolescence, Educational Psychology

Types Of People In life, there are certain stages one must go through to obtain ones self-identity. These stages are the carefree years of ones youth, the rebellious teenage years, and the passage from a teen into a mature, young adult. Children have the best life. They don't have to wonder and worry. Teenagers have the rebellious, careless type of lifestyle that often gets them into trouble. Young adults look back on their childhood and on their teenage years and laugh at the wonderful memories. In the eyes of children, there is no worry. The days are made to play, and to explore a world that is shinning like a new penny, and as magical as their imagination wants it to be. They make wonderful memories like tasting a fresh orange, and the juice dripping down his/her chin and seeing a butterfly take flight and trying to catch it to feel the soft velvet wings. Children have an uncanny ability to learn. They are full of questions. If given the opportunity to be able to ask these questions and receive the right answers, the constant learning process in children will never cease or be extinguished. There are things one does as a child that are never forgotten. Memories that would bring a smile to the face are sometimes pushed to the back of the mind, but they are never lost. Some of these things are making mud pies, tasting of a favorite food, playing of favorite games, running after fireflies in the dark to make a makeshift flashlight, or a first outing trip to an amusement park. Children have a carefree life, full of surprises and adventures. Kids have the opportunity to be themselves, because at this stage, the pressures of adulthood have not been bestowed upon them. Society has placed a label on the children of today's world. They view the child as sweet and innocent, unlike their older part: the teenager. The teenage years, also called the rebellious years, are one of the most strenuous times of a young person's life. The thought of being told what to do can sometimes overwhelm even the most well adjusted teen. There are new things to explore, some of which may not be appropriate, or for that matter, even suitable for this time of their lives. The teen faces emotional and sometimes physical abuse that in turn lowers the self-esteem of the individual. Some teens face adulthood early by being thrown into a situation like pregnancy. Teens act differently than any other age group. They feel like they own the world and that it should revolve around them and only them. Teens have the most stressful, complicated life of any age bracket. They must put up with the stereotype label of a lazy, rebellious generation that society has placed on them. Adults label teens by the clothes they wear and the people they hang around with. These classifications also influence the placement of teens into different categories among other teens. Due to stressful, agitated, decisions on how to be perfect and popular, teens need a way to get away from it all. While others may find refuge in sports, music, or religious associations, drugs and alcohol become a key factor in the lives of the other teens. When in teenage years, the individual may not feel like this is the best time of his/her life. Once adulthood is reached, they will realize that the major stresses of the teenage years are just minor problems compared to the situations adults face. The next group of people, the adults, have new situations to face. They must choose a career. This means they need to decide whether to school to get a degree or enter the work force right out of school. Sometimes life makes those choices easier for them by supplying key factors like money and accompaniment, which every adult needs. Adults often face the stressful problems that teens face also. Drugs, alcohol, and pregnancy plague the lives of many adults today. The stress of losing a job or not being able to find one can drive an adult to using drugs or drinking alcohol. The idea of starting a family may scare many adults. They worry about not having the money to care and provide for their children. They often wonder if the child is making the right decisions, and often try to decide for them. Finding time for work and finding the time to be with a spouse are some of the stressful problems adults face today.

buy custom Psychiatric Nursing Philosophy Examples

buy custom Psychiatric Nursing Philosophy Examples Personal Philosophy of Nursing Introduction Being a noble profession, nursing pertains to the care provided in the medical arena, by the nursing fraternity towards the provision of medical assistance to existent patients (both those admitted and the discharged convalescents). This is achieved through various pertinent procedural measures with their application being a vital component of daily nursing care life. Thus, through continued care, the organization is able to achieve greater effectiveness, efficiency and overall collective responsibility as pertaining to the overall wellbeing of its various patients, admitted or discharged. Psychiatric nursing thus, entails the specialized nursing profession, which primarily caters for patients exhibiting mental distress or illnesses. As such, it caters for all age-groups n categories and inclinations, with the major focus being on the treatment of such ailments as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, dementia, depression and psychosis amongst others.

11 Challenging Words Starting With A for Spanish Students

11 Challenging Words Starting With A for Spanish Students Here are 11 words beginning with A that can pose some difficulty for Spanish students. Learn these, and youll be well on your way to improving your use of the language. a: As a common preposition, a has at least six uses. It usually means to but can also be translated by other prepositions or used as a type of connecting word. Sometimes, as with the personal a, it need not be translated at all. No fuimos a la playa. We didnt go to the beach. Llegamos a Guatemala a las 17 horas. We arrive in Guatemala at 5 p.m. Conocà ­ a la superestrella en Buenos Aires. I met the superstar in Buenos Aires. adonde and adà ³nde: Adonde and adà ³nde usually mean where, but only in cases where to where or some variation of that could be substituted in translation. In other words adà ³nde functions much as a dà ³nde would and indicates motion to a place or in a direction. Es una pequeà ±a playa pà ºblica adonde mis padres nos llevaban en verano. Its a small public beach (to) where my parents took us in summer.  ¿Quà © pasa si adà ³nde viajamos es otro planeta? What happens if where were traveling (to) is another planet? al: Al is one of Spanishs few contractions, combining a and el, a word for the. When al means to the, its use is straightforward. However, al followed by an infinitive is a common way of explaining that something happened after the action represented by the infinitive. Paulina y yo vamos al zoo para ver los animales. Paulina and I are going to the zoo to see the animals. Me alegrà © al encontrar algunos de mis amigos en el centro. I became happy when I found some of my friends downtown. aparentemente: Depending on the context, aparentemente can suggest more strongly than does the English apparently that things may not be what they seem. Est aparentemente feliz, pero est a punto de pedirle el divorcio. Shes supposedly happy, but shes on the verge of asking him for the divorce. apologà ­a: An apologà ­a is a defense of a position, as in a legal case or an argument. It is not used to express regret. No hay apologà ­a del terrorismo. There is no defense for terrorism. asistir: Although asistir can mean to assist, it much more often means to attend a gathering or event. Gracias a todos que asistieron mi concierto anoche. Thanks to everyone who attended my concert last night. El gobierno le asistià ³ con una pensià ³n hasta el final de sus dà ­as. The government assisted him with a pension until the end of his days. atender: Atender can mean to attend in the sense of attending to someone but not in the sense of attending an event. El doctor atendià ³ al futbolista en el hospital durante su grave enfermedad. The doctor attended to the soccer player during his serious illness. aun and aà ºn: Although aun and aà ºn are both adverbs, the first is usually used to indicate even as in the examples below, while the latter usually indicates an action continues and can be translated as still or yet. Aun este aà ±o no tengo nada. Even this year I dont have anything. Ni aun yo puedo entenderlos. Not even I can understand them. He configurado mi dispositivo, pero aà ºn no puedo usar la internet. I have configured my device, but I still cant use the Internet. Or, I have configured my device, but I cant use the Internet yet. aunque: Aunque is the most common way of saying although; often it is better translated even though or even if. If the verb that follows refers to something that already happened or is happening, it must be in the indicative mood, while a verb referring to the future or a hypothetical event must be in the subjunctive. Todo est bien aunque me tragaron los mosquitos cuando me fui de camping. Everything is fine even though the mosquitoes ate me up when I went camping. (Tragaron is in the indicative because it refers to a past event.) Crean una pila que no hace daà ±o aunque los nià ±os la traguen. They are developing a battery that causes no harm even if children swallow it. (Traguen is in the subjunctive mood because the event is yet to happen or is theoretical.) Sources: Sample sentences have been adapted from the following sources: TripAdvisor.es, Diario Norte, Marcianitos Verdes, Facebook conversations, El Zol 107.9, Zendesk, Goal.com, La Nacià ³n (Argentina), Twitter conversations, Cuba Encuentro, LaInformacià ³n.com and Diario Correo (Peru).

CCTV Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

CCTV - Essay Example For example, CCTV surveillance cameras have been installed in areas such as car parks in order to reduce rate of crime. CCTV was developed through a relationship between photographic image and crime control, which is deeply rooted since the birth of photography. In fact, the initial photographic technique considered commercially viable was into Paris, and it was patented in 1839. Furthermore, by 1840 this photographic technique has gained the potentiality, through which criminal classes could be identified and documented. Therefore, CCTV has been very effective in the process of targeting vehicle crime in various car park schemes. On the other hand, there are other different fictions that taken by use of CCTV to reduce crime (Welsh and Farrington, 2). Moreover, ideas presented in this research are aimed at supporting use of CCTV in order to improve the level of security in private and public settings. Apparently, ideas presented in this paper support future use of CCTV schemes, throu gh application of high-quality evaluation design based on a long follow-up duration (Welsh and Farrington, 2). ... Furthermore, use of CCTV for crime prevention increases probability of detection, thereby promoting usage of various facilities by public without fear (Rose, 127). On the other hand, CCTV encourages people to take security precautions due to increased potentiality of becoming victims. In addition, CCTV offers a way of encouraging direct intervention of law enforcement officers and the security personnel in the process of preventing crime. There is also a possibility that CCTV can increase signal enhancement in various regions, which can result to increase of community pride, cohesion among members of community, thereby informing the social control (Rose, 127). Actually, CCTV has led to increased expansion of surveillance the resent years, and this is aimed at responding to the increasing anxieties regarding crime and the treat to security and safety. In this case, this has led to deployment of a significant number of surveillance cameras in different public areas such as transport in frastructures (i.e. airports, subways), shopping malls, sport arenas, and residential streets. Besides, this has been serving as a tool of reducing crime and risk management. Traditional visual surveillance system depends on human operators, who monitor activities in order to determine actions that should be undertaken in dealing with a situation where an incident has occurred (Shaogang, Loy, and Xiang, 2). In this case, CCTV can be used in the process of tracking targets that are suspicious using different cameras and informing necessary agencies to areas of concern. On the other hand, there are cases which may be miss-detected using manual systems, and these results from inherent limitations associated with deployment of sole human operators

History of Religon on Planet Earth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History of Religon on Planet Earth - Essay Example These different religions have played an important role in the history of human civilization. The history of religion is as old as the human civilization. The ancient human evolved on Earth between 400,000 and 250,000 year ago. It is still unknown that when humans became religious or when did the religion develop on Earth, but there are several evidences about religion being followed by the ancient human, around 300,000 to 50,000 year ago. Symbolic evidences of religion have been retrieved from Africa which belongs to the Middle Stone Age. These evidences symbolize the Lion man, the Venus figurines and the elaborate ritual burial. Urreligion- The term means â€Å"proto religion† or â€Å"primitive religion†. It represents the oldest form of religion. This word contrasts with the organized religion which is theocracies of the ancient urban culture of the current world religion. The Oeconomische Encyclopà ¤die of J. G. Krà ¼nitz (1773 - 1858) defines it as "the oldest natural religion of mankind, in particular the religion of Adam and Eve, which according to the dogmatists is supposed to have been reveald" . There are many other theories like â€Å"Animism† proposed by Edward burnett Tylor and Herbert Spencer, â€Å"Fetishism† by the very fomous biologyst John Lubbock and the theory of â€Å"naturalism†. Naturalism is also known as the â€Å"materialism†. This is a philosophical model which says that explanation of everything can be given through natural causes. As per this theory, physical matter is the only reality and it excludes the super natural agents or activities. The philosophers agree that God is the cause for universal moral conduct The early Stone Age Human lived in extended families called tribes. Their main activity was hunting to gather food and also fight with the fellow strange human to protect their food and family. There was no difference between the human and

Cause and Effect of Anorexia Essay -- Health, Diseases

â€Å"I look like a normal, well-adjusted 15-year-old high school sophomore. I like talking to friends on the phone, riding my bike, watching TV, and spending time with my boyfriend. I make above average grades and like math and science classes the best. However, about a year ago, my weight dropped to 72 pounds. I lay in a hospital bed with unkempt hair, fragile limbs and a sunken face. I was seriously ill. The villainous disease was not cancer or AIDS. I had anorexia, a condition which afflicts many teens and young adults, especially young women.† Holly (Caringonline.org) Anorexia is a type of eating disorder who has an intense fear of gaining weight. They severely limit the amount of food they eat and can become dangerously thin (1). Anorexia affects both the mind and body and can even become deadly. Anorexia usually starts in the teen years and can go into adult hood. Untreated anorexia can lead to starvation and serious health problems, such as osteoporosis, kidney damage, and heart problems. Some people die from these problems (1). The cause of anorexia is not fully understood. It is thought to be from a mix of physical, emotional,, and social triggers (2). Extreme dieting changes how the brain and metabolism work, and it stresses the body. Genetics play a big part in anorexia. A combination of certain personality traits such as low self-confidence along with perfectionism and cultural and social pressures can play a big part in anorexia. For some teens, anorexia can be a way of coping with stressful events, such as moving, divorce, or t he death of a love one (2). People who have anorexia will often deny that anything is wrong. Almost half of people who have anorexia will eventually develop symptoms, binge-purge behav... ...at" on her legs and her stomach. She adamantly refused to see a doctor until she fainted while boarding the school bus. In the fall, she cut her forehead; her parents took her to the emergency room. Appalled by her emaciation, the physician said Anne suffered from anorexia nervosa and immediately admitted her to the hospital (library.thinkquest.org). Anorexia is a deadly disease if you don’t catch it early. Physically and psychologically anorexia will destroy your body and your mind. You get so consumed on limiting your calorie intake and ignoring your health by depriving your body from nutrients and malnutrition. Mentally by starving yourself you think you are in control but the disease ends up controlling you. Anorexia starts at a young age affecting teen but it can also affect adult hood. Anorexia does not only affect females but also affects males.

Eating Customs and Traditions in Great Britain Essay

The usual meals in Great Britain are breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner; or in simplier homes, breakfast, dinner, tea and supper. Breakfast is generally a bigger meal than you can have it on the Continent, though some English people like a â€Å"continental† breakfast of rolls and butter and coffee. But the usual breakfast is porridge or â€Å"Corn Flakes† with milk or cream and sugar, becon and eggs, marmalade with butter toast, and tea or coffee. For a change you can have a boiled egg, cold ham, or perhaps fish. Lunch is usually served between twelve and one o’clock. The businessman in London usually finds it impossible to come home for lunch, and so he goes to a cafà © or to a restaurant, but those who are at home generally take a cold meat, e.g., beef, mutton, veal, ham, with boiled or fried potatoes, salad and pickles, with a pudding or fruit to follow. Sometimes you may have a mutton chop, steak and chips, followed by biscuits and cheese and a cup of coffee. Afternoon tea follows between four and five o’clock. You can hardly call it a meal, but it is a sociable sort of thing, as friends often come in for a chat while they have their cup of tea, cake or biscuit. In some houses dinner is the biggest meal of the day. You can have soup, fish, roast chicken, chops, potatoes and vegetables, a sweet, fruit and nuts. The two substantial meals of a day, lunch and dinner, are both more and less the same. But in a great many of English homes the midday meal is the chief one of the day, and in the evening they have the much simplier supper-an omelette, or sausages, sometimes bacon and eggs and sometimes just bread and cheese, a cup of coffee or cocoa and fruit. The two features of life in England that possibly give visitors their worst impressions are the English weather and English cooking. The former is something that nobody can do anything about, but cooking is something that can be learned. English food has often been described as tasteless. Although this criticism has been more than justifies in the past, and in many instances still is, the situation is changing somewhat. One of the reasons that English cooking is improving is that so many people have been spending their holidays abroad and have learned to appreciate unfamiliar dishes. However, there are still many British people who are so unadventurous when they visit other countries that will condemn everywhere that doesn’t provide them tea and either fish and chips or sausages, baked beans and chips or overdone steak and chips. One of the traditional grouses about English food is the way that vegetables are cooked. Firstly the only way that many British housewives know to cook green vegetables is to boil them for far too long in too much salt water and then to throw the water away so that all the vitamins are lost. To make matters worst, they don’t strain the vegetables sufficiently so that they appear as a soggy wet mass on the plate. It would be unfair to say that all English food is bad. Many traditional British dishes are as good as anything you can get anywhere. Nearly everybody knows about roast beef and Yorkshire pudding but this is by no means the only dish that is cooked well. A visitor if invited to an English home might well enjoy steak and kidney pudding or pie, saddle of mutton with red-currant jelly, all sorts of smoked fish, especially kippers, boiled salt beef and carrots to mention but a few. A strange thing about England that the visitor may notice is that most of the good restaurants in England are run and staffed by foreigners-for example, there is a larger number of Chinese, Indian and Italian restaurants and to less extent French and Spanish ones. The food and beverage department has two principal aims. The first- and the more important one- is to provide a standard of food and beverage service consistent with the expectations of the quests. The second aim is to maintain the food and beverage operation within the limits set by the food and beverage department and thus to contribute to the overall profitability of the establishment. It is clearly that beverage sales are not only an important part of the sales mix of hospitality establishments but also more profitable than food sales. Coffee is one of the most popular beverages of the world. It is made from berries grown in tropical climates and shipped to the country green that is unroasted. The berries produced vary in composition and the treatment after picking. For this reason, Mocha, Java, Arabica and South American coffees are quite distinct from each other. There are three main methods of preparing coffee- boiling, percolating and drip method. The coffee should not stand long before serving. Tea is made from the leaves of tea bush which is indigenous to the Orient. Black tea is made from leaves which are fermented before drying. Green tea is not fermented; the leaves are steamed and dried. There are two main ways of serving tea: â€Å"English† tea is served in cups and with milk or cream; â€Å"Russian† tea is served in glasses with a slice of lemon. Cocoa and chocolate. As beverages made from them are generally made with milk, they are much more nutritious than the other beverages. Cocoa and chocolate are made from beans or seeds of trees which grow in tropical countries. Also drinks can be classified into soft drinks which contain no spirits (such as lemonades, Pepsi, Coke, etc.) and strong ones, they contain some part of alcohol (such as whisky, gin, wine, liquor, beer). Tea in English is a suitable occasion for social intercourse, when people often come in for a chat over their cup of tea. There are two kinds of tea, â€Å"afternoon tea† and â€Å"high tea†. â€Å"Afternoon tea† takes place between three-thirty and four-thirty and consists of tea, bread, butter and jam, followed by cakes and biscuits. â€Å"High tea† is a substantial meal and is eaten between five-thirty and six-thirty by families which don’t usually have a late dinner. In a well-to-do family it will consist of ham or tongue and tomatoes and salad, or a kipper, or tinned salmon, with a strong tea, bread and butter, followed by stewed fruit, or tinned pears, apricots or pineapple with cream or custard and cake. Tea-making in England is an art. The hostess first of all rinses the teapot with boiling water (this is called â€Å"warming the pot†) before adding four or five teaspoons of tea. The amount of tea varies, of course, according to the number of people present. The pot is then filled with boiling water and covered by a tea-cosy to allow the tea to infuse for five minutes. English people seldom put lemon juice or rum into their tea, usually they have it with milk. The English custom of afternoon tea, as it is said, goes back to the late 18th century, when Anne, wife of the 7th Duke of Bedford, decided that she suffered from â€Å"a sinking feeling† at around 5 p.m. and needed tea and cakes to bring back her strength. Before long, complaints were heard that â€Å"the labourers lose time to come and go to the tea-table and farmers’ servants even demand tea for their breakfast†. Tea had arrived. Fashionable Tea Rooms were opened for high society, and soon tea be came the national drink of all classes. Today the British drink more tea than any other nation – an average of 4 kilos a head per annum, or 1650 cups of tea a year. They drink it in bed in the morning, round the fire on winter afternoons and out in the garden on sunny summer days. In times of trouble the kettle is quickly put on, the tea is made and comforting cups of the warm brown liquid are passes round. Tea has even played its part in wars. When George III of England tried to make the American colonists pay import duty on tea, a group of Americans disguised as Red Indians dumped 342 chests of tea into the sea in Boston Harbour – the Boston Tea Party which led to the War of Independence. In another war the Duke of Wellington sensibly had a cup of tea before starting the Battle of Waterloo, â€Å"to clear my head†. In peace time official approval of the national drink came from the Victorian Prime Minister, Gladstone, who remarked: â€Å"If you are cold, tea will warm you; if you are heated, it will cool you; if you are depressed, it will cheer you; if you are excited, it will calm you.† What exactly is tea? Basically, it is a drink from the dried leaves of a plant that only grows in hot countries. The British first heard of tea in 1598, and first tasted it in about 1650. For nearly two centuries all the tea was imported from China, until, in 1823, a tea plant was found growing naturally in Assan in India. Sixteen years later the first eight chests of Indian tea were sold in London, and today, London’s tea markets deal in tea from India, Sri Lanka (Ceylon), and from Africa more than from China. Plum pudding is sure of its place of honour on Christmas dinner table. Some English people could even dispense with mincepies, but a Christmas dinner in Britain without the traditional pudding would be strange indeed. The Christmas pudding is a direct descendant of the old time â€Å"hackin†, or plum porridge, beloved by English people in the middle ages. In those days it was made of beef or mutton broth thickened with brown bread, with prunes, raisins, currants, ginger and maize being added to the boiling mixture. This was served as a thick soup and eaten at the beginning of the meal. In the 18th century, plum porridge began to change its character with the addition of flour. The porridge thus turned into plum pudding and it became the custom to eat it at the end of the meal. Nowadays, in addition to the basic mixture of flour, bread-crumbs, suet and eggs, the ingredients of Christmas pudding include raising, currants, candied peel, chopped almonds and walnuts, grated carrot and a good measure of brandy, whisky or old ale on place of the described mutton broth. In many households the mixing of the pudding is quite a ceremony with all the members of the family taking turns to stir and make a wish. After being boiled for several hours, the pudding is stored until the time comes for heating it on Christmas Day when it is brought to the table on a large dish, big, round, dark-brown, with a flag or a place of holly stuck in at the top of it, and flames licking round its sides. The Christmas pudding is covered with white sauce and burning in brandy. Receiving each a slice, the guests are warned to eat carefully because sixpenny bits, shillings, a tiny silver bell and a silver horse-shoe have been put in it. Those who find the â€Å"treasure† are supposed to have money in the coming year, whoever gets the bell is to be married, and the horse-shoe is the traditional sign of good luck.

The Myth of Er From the Republic of Plato

The Myth of Er from Platos Republic tells the story of a soldier, Er, who is thought to be dead and descends to the underworld. But when he revives he is sent back to tell humanity what awaits them in the afterlife.    Er describes an afterlife where the just are rewarded and the wicked are punished. Souls are then reborn into a new body and a new life, and the new life they choose will reflect how they have lived in their previous life and the state of their soul at death.   The Myth of Er (Jowett Translation) Well, I said, I will tell you a tale; not one of the tales which Odysseus tells to the hero Alcinous, yet this too is a tale of a hero, Er the son of Armenius, a Pamphylian by birth. He was slain in battle, and ten days afterwards, when the bodies of the dead were taken up already in a state of corruption, his body was found unaffected by decay, and carried away home to be buried. And on the twelfth day, as he was lying on the funeral pile, he returned to life and told them what he had seen in the other world. He said that when his soul left the body he went on a journey with a great company, and that they came to a mysterious place at which there were two openings in the earth; they were near together, and over against them were two other openings in the heaven above. In the intermediate space there were judges seated, who commanded the just, after they had given judgment on them and had bound their sentences in front of them, to ascend by the heavenly way on the right hand; and in like manner the unjust were bidden by them to descend by the lower way on the left hand; these also bore the symbols of their deeds, but fastened on their backs. He drew near, and they told him that he was to be the messenger who would carry the report of the other world to men, and they bade him hear and see all that was to be heard and seen in that place. Then he beheld and saw on one side the souls departing at either opening of heaven and earth when sentence had been given on them; and at the two other openings other souls, some ascending out of the earth dusty and worn with travel, some descending out of heaven clean and bright. And arriving ever and anon they seemed to have come from a long journey, and they went forth with gladness into the meadow, where they encamped as at a festival; and those who knew one another embraced and conversed, the souls which came from earth curiously enquiring about the things above, and the souls which came from heaven about the things beneath. And they told one another of what had happened by the way, those from below weeping and sorrowing at the remembrance of the things which they had endured and seen in their journey beneath the earth (now the journey lasted a thousand years), while those from above were describing heavenly delights and visions of inconceivable beauty. The story, Glaucon, would take too long to tell; but the sum was this:—He said that for every wrong which they had done to any one they suffered tenfold; or once in a hundred years—such being reckoned to be the length of mans life, and the penalty being thus paid ten times in a thousand years. If, for example, there were any who had been the cause of many deaths, or had betrayed or enslaved cities or armies, or been guilty of any other evil behavior, for each and all of their offences they received punishment ten times over, and the rewards of beneficence and justice and holiness were in the same proportion. I need hardly repeat what he said concerning young children dying almost as soon as they were born. Of piety and impiety to gods and parents, and of murderers, there were retributions other and greater far which he described. He mentioned that he was present when one of the spirits asked another, Where is Ardiaeus the Great? (Now this Ardiaeus lived a thousand years before the time of Er: he had been the tyrant of some city of Pamphylia, and had murdered his aged father and his elder brother, and was said to have committed many other abominable crimes.) The answer of the other spirit was: He comes not hither and will never come. And this, said he, was one of the dreadful sights which we ourselves witnessed. We were at the mouth of the cavern, and, having completed all our experiences, were about to reascend, when of a sudden Ardiaeus appeared and several others, most of whom were tyrants; and there were also besides the tyrants private individuals who had been great criminals: they were just, as they fancied, about to return into the upper world, but the mouth, instead of admitting them, gave a roar, whenever any of these incurable sinners or some one who had not been sufficiently punished tried to ascend; and then wild men of fiery aspect, who were standing by and heard the sound, seized and carried them off; and Ardiaeus and others they bound head and foot and hand, and threw them down and flayed them with scourges, and dragged them along the road at the side, carding them on thorns like wool, and declaring to the passers-by what were their crimes, and that they were being taken away to be cast into hell. And of all the many terrors which they had endured, he said that there was none like the terror which each of them felt at that moment, lest they should hear the voice; and when there was silence, one by one they ascended with exceeding joy. These, said Er, were the penalties and retributions, and there were blessings as great. Now when the spirits which were in the meadow had tarried seven days, on the eighth they were obliged to proceed on their journey, and, on the fourth day after, he said that they came to a place where they could see from above a line of light, straight as a column, extending right through the whole heaven and through the earth, in colour resembling the rainbow, only brighter and purer; another days journey brought them to the place, and there, in the midst of the light, they saw the ends of the chains of heaven let down from above: for this light is the belt of heaven, and holds together the circle of the universe, like the under-girders of a trireme. From these ends is extended the spindle of Necessity, on which all the revolutions turn. The shaft and hook of this spindle are made of steel, and the whorl is made partly of steel and also partly of other materials. Now the whorl is in form like the whorl used on earth; and the description of it implied that there is one large hollow whorl which is quite scooped out, and into this is fitted another lesser one, and another, and another, and four others, making eight in all, like vessels which fit into one another; the whorls show their edges on the upper side, and on their lower side all together form one continuous whorl. This is pierced by the spindle, which is driven home through the centre of the eighth. The first and outermost whorl has the rim broadest, and the seven inner whorls are narrower, in the following proportions—the sixth is next to the first in size, the fourth next to the sixth; then comes the eighth; the seventh is fifth, the fifth is sixth, the third is seventh, last and eighth comes the second. The largest (or fixed stars) is spangled, and the seventh (or sun) is brightest; the eighth (or moon) coloured by the reflected light of the seventh; the second and fifth (Saturn and Mercury) are in colour like one another, and yellower than the preceding; the third (Venus) has the whitest light; the fourth (Mars) is reddish; the sixth (Jupiter) is in whiteness second. Now the whole spindle has the same motion; but, as the whole revolves in one direction, the seven inner circles move slowly in the other, and of these the swiftest is the eighth; next in swiftness are the seventh, sixth, and fifth, which move together; third in swiftness appeared to move according to the law of this reversed motion the fourth; the third appeared fourth and the second fifth. The spindle turns on the knees of Necessity; and on the upper surface of each circle is a siren, who goes round with them, hymning a single tone or note. The eight together form one harmony; and round about, at equal intervals, there is another band, three in number, each sitting upon her throne: these are the Fates, daughters of Necessity, who are clothed in white robes and have chaplets upon their heads, Lachesis and Clotho and Atropos, who accompany with their voices the harmony of the sirens—Lachesis singing of the past, Clotho of the present, Atropos of the future; Clotho from time to time assisting with a touch of her right hand the revolution of the outer circle of the whorl or spindle, and Atropos with her left hand touching and guiding the inner ones, and Lachesis laying hold of either in turn, first with one hand and then with the other. When Er and the spirits arrived, their duty was to go at once to Lachesis; but first of all there came a prophet who arranged them in order; then he took from the knees of Lachesis lots and samples of lives, and having mounted a high pulpit, spoke as follows: Hear the word of Lachesis, the daughter of Necessity. Mortal souls, behold a new cycle of life and mortality. Your genius will not be allotted to you, but you will choose your genius; and let him who draws the first lot have the first choice, and the life which he chooses shall be his destiny. Virtue is free, and as a man honours or dishonours her he will have more or less of her; the responsibility is with the chooser—God is justified. When the Interpreter had thus spoken he scattered lots indifferently among them all, and each of them took up the lot which fell near him, all but Er himself (he was not allowed), and each as he took his lot perceived the number which he had obtained. Then the Interpreter placed on the ground before them the samples of lives; and there were many more lives than the souls present, and they were of all sorts. There were lives of every animal and of man in every condition. And there were tyrannies among them, some lasting out the tyrants life, others which broke off in the middle and came to an end in poverty and exile and beggary; and there were lives of famous men, some who were famous for their form and beauty as well as for their strength and success in games, or, again, for their birth and the qualities of their ancestors; and some who were the reverse of famous for the opposite qualities. And of women likewise; there was not, however, any definite character in them, because the soul, when choosing a new life, must of necessity become different. But there was every other quality, and the all mingled with one another, and also with elements of wealth and poverty, and disease and health; and there were mean states also. And here, my dear Glaucon, is the supreme peril of our human state; and therefore the utmost care should be taken. Let each one of us leave every other kind of knowledge and seek and follow one thing only, if peradventure he may be able to learn and may find some one who will make him able to learn and discern between good and evil, and so to choose always and everywhere the better life as he has opportunity. He should consider the bearing of all these things which have been mentioned severally and collectively upon virtue; he should know what the effect of beauty is when combined with poverty or wealth in a particular soul, and what are the good and evil consequences of noble and humble birth, of private and public station, of strength and weakness, of cleverness and dullness, and of all the natural and acquired gifts of the soul, and the operation of them when conjoined; he will then look at the nature of the soul, and from the consideration of all these qualities he will be able to determine which is the better and which is the worse; and so he will choose, giving the name of evil to the life which will make his soul more unjust, and good to the life which will make his soul more just; all else he will disregard. For we have seen and know that this is the best choice both in life and after death. A man must take with him into the world below an adamantine faith in truth and right, that there too he may be undazzled by the desire of wealth or the other allurements of evil, lest, coming upon tyrannies and similar villainies, he do irremediable wrongs to others and suffer yet worse himself; but let him know how to choose the mean and avoid the extremes on either side, as far as possible, not only in this life but in all that which is to come. For this is the way of happiness. And according to the report of the messenger from the other world this was what the prophet said at the time: Even for the last comer, if he chooses wisely and will live diligently, there is appointed a happy and not undesirable existence. Let not him who chooses first be careless, and let not the last despair. And when he had spoken, he who had the first choice came forward and in a moment chose the greatest tyranny; his mind having been darkened by folly and sensuality, he had not thought out the whole matter before he chose, and did not at first sight perceive that he was fated, among other evils, to devour his own children. But when he had time to reflect, and saw what was in the lot, he began to beat his breast and lament over his choice, forgetting the proclamation of the prophet; for, instead of throwing the blame of his misfortune on himself, he accused chance and the gods, and everything rather than himself. Now he was one of those who came from heaven, and in a former life had dwelt in a well-ordered State, but his virtue was a matter of habit only, and he had no philosophy. And it was true of others who were similarly overtaken, that the greater number of them came from heaven and therefore they had never been schooled by trial, whereas the pilgrims who came from earth having themselves suffered and seen others suffer, were not in a hurry to choose. And owing to this inexperience of theirs, and also because the lot was a chance, many of the souls exchanged a good destiny for an evil or an evil for a good. For if a man had always on his arrival in this world dedicated himself from the first to sound philosophy, and had been moderately fortunate in the number of the lot, he might, as the messenger reported, be happy here, and also his journey to another life and return to this, instead of being rough and underground, would be smooth and heavenly. Most curious, he said, was the spectacle—sad and laughable and strange; for the choice of the souls was in most cases based on their experience of a previous life. There he saw the soul which had once been Orpheus choosing the life of a swan out of enmity to the race of women, hating to be born of a woman because they had been his murderers; he beheld also the soul of Thamyras choosing the life of a nightingale; birds, on the other hand, like the swan and other musicians, wanting to be men. The soul which obtained the twentieth lot chose the life of a lion, and this was the soul of Ajax the son of Telamon, who would not be a man, remembering the injustice which was done him in the judgment about the arms. The next was Agamemnon, who took the life of an eagle, because, like Ajax, he hated human nature by reason of his sufferings. About the middle came the lot of Atalanta; she, seeing the great fame of an athlete, was unable to resist the temptation: and after her there followed the soul of Epeus the son of Panopeus passing into the nature of a woman cunning in the arts; and far away among the last who chose, the soul of the jester Thersites was putting on the form of a monkey. There came also the soul of Odysseus having yet to make a choice, and his lot happened to be the last of them all. Now the recollection of former toils had disenchanted him of ambition, and he went about for a considerable time in search of the life of a private man who had no cares; he had some difficulty in finding this, which was lying about and had been neglected by everybody else; and when he saw it, he said that he would have done the same had his lot been first instead of last, and that he was delighted to have it. And not only did men pass into animals, but I must also mention that there were animals tame and wild who changed into one another and into corresponding human natures—the good into the gentle and the evil into the savage, in all sorts of combinations. All the souls had now chosen their lives, and they went in the order of their choice to Lachesis, who sent with them the genius whom they had severally chosen, to be the guardian of their lives and the fulfiller of the choice: this genius led the souls first to Clotho, and drew them within the revolution of the spindle impelled by her hand, thus ratifying the destiny of each; and then, when they were fastened to this, carried them to Atropos, who spun the threads and made them irreversible, whence without turning round they passed beneath the throne of Necessity; and when they had all passed, they marched on in a scorching heat to the plain of Forgetfulness, which was a barren waste destitute of trees and verdure; and then towards evening they encamped by the river of Unmindfulness, whose water no vessel can hold; of this they were all obliged to drink a certain quantity, and those who were not saved by wisdom drank more than was necessary; and each one as he drank forgot all things. Now after they had gone to rest, about the middle of the night there was a thunderstorm and earthquake, and then in an instant they were driven upwards in all manner of ways to their birth, like stars shooting. He himself was hindered from drinking the water. But in what manner or by what means he returned to the body he could not say; only, in the morning, awaking suddenly, he found himself lying on the pyre. And thus, Glaucon, the tale has been saved and has not perished, and will save us if we are obedient to the word spoken; and we shall pass safely over the river of Forgetfulness and our soul will not be defiled. Wherefore my counsel is, that we hold fast ever to the heavenly way and follow after justice and virtue always, considering that the soul is immortal and able to endure every sort of good and every sort of evil. Thus shall we live dear to one another and to the gods, both while remaining here and when, like conquerors in the games who go round to gather gifts, we receive our reward. And it shall be well with us both in this life and in the pilgrimage of a thousand years which we have been describing. Some References for Platos Republic Suggestions based on: Oxford Bibliographies Online Ferrari, G. R. F. .Reeve, C. D. C. .White, Nicholas P. .Williams, Bernard. The Analogy of City and Soul in Platos Republic. The Sense of the Past: Essays in the History of Philosophy. Edited by Bernard Williams, 108-117. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006.